Bi-material ultrasonic horn with integral isolation member

ABSTRACT

Disclosed is an ultrasonic horn for transporting ultrasonic energy to an operating location including a horn member, an energy transfer surface disposed on the horn member and an axle member joined to the horn member. The axle member can be provided by a first material. The ultrasonic horn can also include an isolation member integrally joined to the axle member adapted for mounting said ultrasonic horn at a work location, and a portion of said isolation member can be provided by a second material.

BACKGROUND OF INVENTION

This invention relates to an ultrasonic horn for use in manufacturingoperations such as bonding, perforation, and cutting. More specificallythe invention relates to an ultrasonic horn that includes an integralisolation member.

Ultrasonic horns are used to distribute ultrasonic energy in a varietyof industrial processes. One example involves bonding of twothermoplastic sheets of material together in the manufacture of personalcare products such as diapers.

Ultrasonic horn systems can have a number of distinct components, whichcan be connected in a stack. In one arrangement, these components mayinclude a power excitation device known as a converter (or driverassembly), amplitude modification devices known as boosters, and anultrasonically energized tool known as an ultrasonic horn, at least aportion of which imparts ultrasonic energy to a work piece. In addition,the ultrasonic horn can include isolation members that can be configuredfor mounting the horn at a work (i.e., bonding) location.

Generally, horns have been manufactured by machining a final horn shapefrom forged bar stock, such as titanium bar stock. Alternatively, hornscan be manufactured by way of machining the horn from a hotisostatically pressed preform for improved performance.

Unfortunately, in certain circumstances, such horns may not always becompletely satisfactory. For example, even in the case of hot isostaticpressing, machining the horn from the base piece of material can resultin a certain amount of potentially costly material that must be machinedinto the desired shape. Moreover, since the ultrasonic horn is typicallymanufactured from a material that can transport or transmit ultrasonicenergy in a highly efficient manner, isolation members that are also ofthat same material may not function completely as desired. Inparticular, the isolation member in such circumstances may be moresusceptible to higher noise transmission and potentially undesirablyheating of the mounting element that it is joined to (e.g., a bearing).

Thus there is a need for an ultrasonic horn that is provided by amaterial that efficiently transports ultrasonic energy but yet includesan isolation member that is at least partially of a different material,suitably a material that is less efficient at transporting ultrasonicenergy. In addition, there is a need for an ultrasonic horn that can beprovided by a method that results in an effective ultrasonic horn butwith reduced material waste.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In one aspect, the present invention is directed to an ultrasonic hornfor transporting ultrasonic energy to an operating location defining aradial direction and an axial direction. The ultrasonic horn includes ahorn member and an energy transfer surface disposed on the horn member.The ultrasonic horn also includes an axle member joined to the hornmember where the axle member is provided by a first material. Theultrasonic horn further includes an isolation member integrally joinedto the axle member and adapted for mounting the ultrasonic horn at awork location where at least a portion of the isolation member isprovided by a second material.

In another aspect, the present invention is directed to an ultrasonichorn for transporting ultrasonic energy to an operating locationdefining a radial direction and an axial direction. The ultrasonic hornincludes a horn member, an energy transfer surface disposed on the hornmember and an axle member joined to the horn member. The ultrasonic hornalso includes an isolation member integrally joined to the axle memberand adapted for mounting the ultrasonic horn at a work location. Inaddition, the axle member can be configured to transport ultrasonicenergy at least 200% more efficiently than at least a portion of theisolation member.

In yet another aspect, the present invention is directed to anultrasonic horn for transporting ultrasonic energy to an operatinglocation defining a radial direction and an axial direction. Theultrasonic horn includes a horn member, an energy transfer surfacedisposed on the horn member, and an axle member joined to the hornmember. The ultrasonic horn also includes an isolation member integrallyjoined to the axle member adapted for mounting the ultrasonic horn at awork location wherein at least a portion of the isolation member isacoustically decoupled from the axle member.

In still yet another aspect, the present invention is directed to amethod for manufacturing an ultrasonic horn. The method includes formingmetal powder into a horn body perform within a preform mold and hotisostatically pressing the horn body preform to consolidate the metalpowder to form a compressed horn preform shape. The compressed hornpreform shape can have a uniform isotropic microstructure characterizedby randomly isotropic directional grain alignment wherein at least aportion of the ultrasonic horn is provided by the preform mold.

The above-mentioned and other aspects of the present invention willbecome more apparent, and the invention itself will be better understoodby reference to the drawings and the following description of thedrawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 representatively illustrates a side view of a representativeultrasonic horn system including an ultrasonic horn of the presentinvention;

FIG. 2 representatively illustrates a cross-section through theultrasonic horn system of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 representatively illustrates a perspective view of anotherultrasonic horn of the present invention;

FIG. 4 representatively illustrates a side view of a cross-sectionthrough a mounted configuration of the ultrasonic horn of FIG. 3; and

FIG. 5 representatively illustrates a cross-section of a hot isostaticpress casing that can be used in connection with making the ultrasonichorn illustrated in FIG. 1.

DEFINITIONS

“Attach” and its derivatives refer to the joining, adhering, connectingor the like, of two elements. Two elements will be considered to beattached together when they are attached directly to one another orindirectly to one another, such as when each is directly attached tointermediate elements, or when they are integrally or non-integrallyattached to each other.

The terms “Bond” and “Weld” and their derivatives may be usedinterchangeably, and refer to the substantially permanent joining of atleast one layer of a material with another layer of a like or differentmaterial. The nature of the materials to be bonded is not known to becritical. However, the present invention is particularly useful in thebonding of two or more layers of materials, such as woven fabrics,nonwoven fabrics, and films.

The terms “disposed on,” “disposed along,” “disposed with,” or “disposedtoward” and variations thereof are intended to mean that one element canbe integral with another element, or that one element can be a separatestructure bonded to or placed with or placed near another element.

The term “Fabric” is used broadly in the present disclosure to mean asheet or web of a woven or nonwoven fibrous material. The fabric or filmlayer may be continuous, as in a roll, or may be discontinuous.

“Integral” and its derivatives refer to the nature of an attachment,connection, joinder or the like of two elements where the connection,joinder, or attachment is not enabled by way of a fastener (i.e., abolt) welding or the like, and there is no macroscopic seam between thetwo elements.

“Join” and its derivatives refer to the connecting, adhering, attachingor the like, of two elements. Two elements will be considered to bejoined together when they are joined directly to one another orindirectly to one another, such as when each is directly joined tointermediate elements or when they are integrally or non-integrallyjoined to each other.

“Layer” when used in the singular can have the dual meaning of a singleelement or a plurality of elements.

“Member” when used in the singular can have the dual meaning of a singleelement or a plurality of elements.

These terms may be defined with additional language in the remainingportions of the specification.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Referring now to the drawings, and in particular to FIG. 1, anultrasonic horn system is representatively illustrated and indicated inits entirety by the reference numeral 18. The ultrasonic horn system 18includes an ultrasonic horn 20 of the present invention. In general, theultrasonic horn 20 can be configured to transport ultrasonic energy toan operating location. In particular, the ultrasonic horn 20 of thepresent invention will be described in terms of a rotary ultrasonic hornthat is configured to ultrasonically bond two or more layers together.Nonetheless, it should also be understood that the present invention canbe suitable for use with other applications such as ultrasonic hornsconfigured for plunge bonding, atomizing liquids, perforating, cuttingand the like or combinations thereof.

By way of illustration only, various materials, methods, andapplications for ultrasonic horns such as the ultrasonic horn 20 of thepresent invention are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,096,532 entitledULTRASONIC ROTARY HORN by Joseph G. Neuwirth et al. which issued Mar.17, 1992; U.S. Pat. No. 5,110,403 entitled HIGH EFFICIENCY ULTRASONICROTARY HORN by Thomas D. Ehlert et al. which issued May 5, 1992; and inU.S. Pat. No. 5,087,320 entitled ULTRASONIC ROTARY HORN HAVING IMPROVEDEND CONFIGURATION by Joseph G. Neuwirth which issued Feb. 11, 1992. Theentirety of each of these documents is incorporated herein by reference,in a manner that is consistent herewith.

The ultrasonic horn 20 of the present invention can be a shaped metalhorn that defines an axial direction 40 and a radial direction 42perpendicular to the axial direction 40 as shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 4. Inthe illustrated embodiments, the ultrasonic horn 20 can include agenerally circular, disk-shaped horn member 22 having an outerperipheral surface that can be substantially continuous. Alternatively,the horn member may have a non-circular shape and/or the outerperipheral surface of the horn member may have a discontinuousconfiguration. The horn member 22 can have a first face 34 and a secondface 36 opposite the first face 34. The horn member 22 can furtherinclude an energy transfer surface 24 that is configured to impart theultrasonic energy to the work piece disposed on the horn member 22. Inthe illustrated aspects, the energy transfer surface 24 is the outerperipheral surface of the horn member 22.

The ultrasonic horn 20 can also include an axle member 26 about whichthe ultrasonic horn 22 can rotate. As representatively illustrated inFIG. 1-5, the axle member 26 can extend from first face 34 of the hornmember 22 in the axial direction 40. In a particular aspect, the axlemember 26 can extend substantially perpendicularly from the first face34.

Further, as representatively illustrated in FIGS. 1-5, the ultrasonichorn 20 of the present invention includes an isolation member 28 adaptedfor mounting the ultrasonic horn 20 at a work location. As will bedescribed in greater detail below, the isolation member 28 can suitablybe integrally joined to the axle member 26.

Variables such as the diameter, mass, width, thickness and configurationof the ultrasonic horn 20 are not narrowly critical to the presentinvention. Nonetheless, as will be understood by those of skill in theart, the variables do determine the particular frequency and amplitudeat which the ultrasonic horn resonates and vibrates. In particular, thephysical variables of an ultrasonic horn, such as diameter, mass,thickness, overall configuration, etc. may be selected such that thedevice resonates in a desired mode, i.e., a fundamental resonant modeunder a given set of conditions, at a particular frequency and with adesired amplitude. For example, it is known that vibration in thedesired mode at a desired frequency is achieved by adjusting physicalparameters, and it is known that gain, i.e., ratio of output amplitudeto input amplitude, can also be adjusted by adjusting physicalparameters.

Thus, in one aspect, the ultrasonic horn 20 can have a diameter of fromabout 4 to about 20 centimeters and a width at the energy transfersurface 24 of from about 0.6 to about 13 centimeters. The thickness ofthe horn at the axle member 26 may be from about 0.06 to about 15centimeters. The ultrasonic horn 20 can have a mass in the range of fromabout 0.06 to about 30 kilograms.

As mentioned above, the ultrasonic horn 20 can be configured such thatthe horn, upon being excited by ultrasonic energy at a desiredfrequency, is adapted to resonate such that the excited end movessubstantially in phase with the movement of the source of excitation.That is, the opposed end of ultrasonic horn 20 and the energy transfersurface 24 move substantially out of phase with the excited end. Thus,upon subjecting the ultrasonic horn 20 to ultrasonic excitation, theexcited end moves in a direction towards the interior of the horn whilethe opposing end and the energy transfer surface 24 move in the oppositedirection which is also towards the interior of the horn. As such, themovements of the ends of the horn relative to each other are said to beout of phase. In a particular aspect, the ultrasonic horn 20 can beintended to be excited at a frequency of from about 15 to about 60 kHz.

In addition to the ultrasonic horn 20, the ultrasonic horn system 18 canalso include a number of components assembled into a stack. The variouscomponents of the ultrasonic horn system can be assembled by methodsknown in the art. For example, the components can be integrally joinedor may be joined by connectors, or a combination thereof. In one aspectthese connectors can be studs of the type disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.6,841,921 issued Jan. 11, 2005, in the name of Stegelmann, thedisclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference to the extentthat it is consistent (i.e., not in conflict) herewith. Alternatively,the various components of the ultrasonic horn system 18 can be fusedinto a stack as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,786,383 issued Sep. 7,2004, in the name of Stegelmann the disclosure of which is incorporatedherein by reference to the extent that it is consistent (i.e., not inconflict) herewith.

For example, as representatively illustrated in FIGS. 1-2, the system 18can include a drive mechanism or converter 50 to ultrasonically excitethe ultrasonic horn 20. Any mechanism which provides the desiredexcitation can be used in connection with the present invention. Suchmechanisms are well known to those skilled in the art. For example, thesystem can include a drive mechanism that is commercially available fromDukane Corporation located in St. Charles, Ill. or a similar systemavailable from Branson Sonic Power Company located in Danbury, Conn.Typically, a generator, such as a Dukane 3000 watt, 20 kHz generator(Part No. 20A3005), is connected to a driver assembly, such as a Dukanedriver assembly (Part No. 110-3716-0001), to provide the necessaryultrasonic excitation.

As representatively illustrated in FIGS. 2-4, the system 18 can alsooptionally include one or more boosters 52 to adjust the gain of theultrasonic energy being transferred to the horn 20 from the converter50. Boosters can be provided by a portion of the axle member 34, oralternatively, a separate booster 52 can be attached to the axle member26. Examples of boosters 52 that can be suitable for use in connectionwith the present invention include a Dukane 1:1 booster (Part No.110-2510) and a Dukane 1.5:1 booster (Part No. 110-2512). Thecombination of the converter 50 and the boosters 52 ultrasonicallyexcites the ultrasonic horn 20, to thereby deliver the ultrasonic energynecessary to bond the substrate webs together, perforate a substrate, orotherwise carry out the desired operation.

The system 18 can further include a drive (not shown) to spin the hornabout the axle member 26. Suitable driving systems can include take-offsfrom a powered line shaft, motors, engines, electric motors or the like,as well as combinations thereof.

The system 18 can also include an anvil (not shown) with which the hornacts, with the work piece therebetween. The anvil may be a stationaryanvil, or may optionally be a rotating anvil roll as in the case of arotating ultrasonic horn as described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,087,320,5,096,532, 5,110,403, and 5,552,013 (all hereby incorporated byreference). The rotating anvil roll has an outer peripheral anvilsurface located adjacent the energy transfer surface 24 of the horn 20.The anvil roll can be configured to counter-rotate with the ultrasonichorn 20, and in one specific bonding operation, substrate webscontinuously move between the energy transfer face of the horn and theanvil.

A desired bonding pattern or other selected processing mechanism can beprovided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotary anvil memberand/or can be provided on the energy transfer surface 24 of the hornmember 22, as desired. The bonding pattern can be composed of aplurality of bonding elements that are configured to projectsubstantially radially away from the energy transfer surface 24 in amanner that is well known in the art. The bonding elements can bediscontinuously or substantially continuously distributed in a regularor irregular array across the outer peripheral surface of the anvilmember and/or the energy transfer surface 24 of the horn member 22.

As representatively shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 4, the isolation member 28can be configured to mount the ultrasonic horn 20 at a work locationsuch as to a mounting structure such as a frame 54. For example, theisolation member 28 can be joined to a rotatable coupler 56 which, inturn, can be supported by at least one rotational bearing 58 and anassociated frame 54. The isolation member 28 can be attached to thecoupler by an interference, friction-fit (FIG. 4). Alternatively, or inaddition, fasteners may be used to hold the isolation member 28 inplace. Isolation members suitable for use in connection with the presentinvention are described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,613,171 issued Sep. 2, 2003in the name of Blenke, et al., the disclosure of which is incorporatedherein by reference to the extent that it is consistent (i.e., not inconflict) herewith.

The first isolation member 28 can suitably exhibit high rigidity andstiffness. In a particular aspect, the isolation member 28 is capable ofdynamically flexing and bending under a horn-life range of sonicfrequencies to provide an operative component of motion along the radialdirection 42. In addition, the isolation member 28 can provide anoperative component of motion along the axial direction 40.

In a particular aspect, the isolation member 28 can have a radialisolation submember 60 and an axial isolation submember 62. The radialisolation submember 62 can be integrally joined to the axle member 26,and can be configured to extend at least, substantially radially fromthe axle member 26. The radial isolation submember 60 can be configuredto operatively flex and bend under the horn-life range of sonicfrequencies. Additionally, the radial isolation submember 60 candynamically bend to provide transverse displacements that are directedalong a thickness dimension of the radial isolation submember 60.Accordingly, a dynamic bending of the radial isolation submember 60 canswing generally along the axial direction 40.

In addition, the isolation member can also include an axial isolationsubmember 62. The axial isolation submember 62 can be integrally joinedto the radial isolation submember 60, and can be configured to extend inat least the axial direction from the radial isolation submember 60. Theaxial isolation submember 62 can be configured to operatively flex andbend under the horn-life range of sonic frequencies. Additionally, theaxial isolation submember 62 can dynamically bend to provide transversedisplacements that are directed along a thickness dimension of the axialisolation submember 62. Accordingly, a dynamic bending of the axialisolation submember 62 can swing generally along the radial direction42.

The radial isolation submember 60 can extend discontinuously orsubstantially continuously circumferentially about the axle member 26.As representatively illustrated in FIGS. 1-4, the radial isolationsubmember 60 can be substantially disk-shaped, or alternatively, can besubstantially annular-shaped.

The axial isolation submember 62 can be configured to provide adiscontinuous or a substantially continuous extension in the axialdirection 40 from the radial isolation submember 60. Additionally, theaxial isolation submember 62 can be configured to extenddiscontinuously, or substantially continuously about the radialisolation submember 60. For example, as representatively illustrated inFIGS. 1-4, the axial isolation submember 62 can be substantiallycylinder-shaped.

As mentioned above, the isolation member 28 can be configured to havehigh stiffness and rigidity, thereby providing an ultrasonic horn 20that can suitably operate in a fixed-gap arrangement. Specifically, inone aspect, the ultrasonic horn 20 can be configured, when mounted at awork location, to exhibit a static deflection of about 0.004 mm (about0.00015 inch), or less, when subjected to a static force of 445 N (100lb) which is directed onto the energy transfer surface 24 of the hornmember 22 at a location that is centered along the axial dimension ofthe energy transfer surface 24, and along the radial direction 42. Inparticular aspects, the static deflection can alternatively be about0.002 mm or less, and can optionally be 0.001 mm or less. In otheraspects, the static deflection of the ultrasonic horn 20 can be not morethan a maximum of about 0.075 mm. The static deflection canalternatively be not more than about 0.05 mm, and optionally, can be notmore than about 0.01 mm to provide further improved performance.

In other aspects, the ultrasonic horn 20 can include a node plane,indicated at the line marked 44. In a particular aspect, the node plane44 can be located along the axle member 26, generally perpendicular tothe axial direction 40.

Suitably, the isolation member 28 can be integrally joined to the axlemember 26 proximate the node plane 44. For the present disclosure, thenode plane 44 of the ultrasonic horn 20 is an axial node located alongthe axial direction 40. At the node plane 44, approximately zerodisplacements in the axial direction 40 are present during ordinaryoperation with the selected ultrasonic excitations.

Displacements in the radial direction 42, however, can continue to occurat the node plane 44. Accordingly, in such an aspect, the isolationmember 28 can provide a more stable mounting mechanism for the horn 20.

The ultrasonic horn 20 can be made from any material or combination ofmaterials having the desired acoustical and mechanical properties. Forexample, certain portions of the ultrasonic horn 20 can be provided by afirst material 30. Suitable metals can include aluminum, monel,titanium, alloy steels or combinations thereof. In a particular aspect,the first material can be suitably provided by a titanium-basedmaterial, such commercially pure titanium, or a titanium alloy (e.g.,Ti6Al4V). Specifically, at least the axle member 26, and optionallyother portions of the ultrasonic horn 20, such as the horn member 22,can be provided by the first material 30.

The ultrasonic horn 20 can also include a second material 32 differentthan the first material 30. The second material 32 can suitably be lessacoustic than the first material 30. That is, in certain aspects, thesecond material 32 can transport acoustic energy less efficiently thanthe first material 30. Suitable metals for the second material 32 caninclude aluminum, monel, titanium, alloy steels or combinations thereof.In a particular aspect, the second material 32 can be steel or a steelalloy. Specifically, at least a portion of the isolation member 28 canbe provided by a second material 32.

Accordingly, the first material 30 and the second material 32 canexhibit different properties for transporting ultrasonic energy. In oneaspect, the first material 30 can transport ultrasonic energy at least100 percent more efficiently than the second material 32. In anotheraspect, the first material 30 can suitably transport ultrasonic energyat least 200 percent more efficiently than the second material 32, andstill more suitably at least 500 percent more efficiently. As such,portions of the ultrasonic horn 20, such as the axle member 26, can beconfigured to transport ultrasonic energy at least 100 percent moreefficiently than at least a portion of the isolation member 28, suitably200 percent more efficiently, and still more suitably 500 percent moreefficiently.

For example, the radial isolation submember 60 can be provided at leastin part by the first material 30. Optionally, the radial isolationsubmember 60 can be provided substantially by the first material 30.Moreover, the axial isolation submember 62 can be provided at least inpart by the second material 32. The isolation member 28 can also includea mixture zone 64 where there can be diffusion between the firstmaterial 30 and the second material 32 on a molecular level.Accordingly, the mixture zone 64 can include the first material 30intermixed with the second material 32. In a particular aspect, themixture zone can be disposed proximate the axle member 26.

In such an arrangement, at least a portion of the isolation member 28can be acoustically decoupled from the axle member 26. That is, at leasta portion of the isolation member 28 does not vibrate in the same modeas the axle member 26 when the ultrasonic horn 20 is subjected toultrasonic excitation, and in certain circumstances, may not vibrate atall when subjected to ultrasonic excitation. In a particular aspect, theaxial isolation submember 62 can be acoustically decoupled from the axlemember 26.

Accordingly, configuring the isolation member 28 in this manner providesseveral advantages. For instance, the isolation member 28 will suitablytransfer a reduced amount of vibration to the coupler 56. Accordingly,this can advantageously decrease noise associated with the ultrasonichorn 20, improve performance due to the lower vibration and improve themounting of the horn 20. Moreover, equipment life of both the horn 20and the coupler 56 can be improved.

This bi-material arrangement in the ultrasonic horn 20 can be achievedby way of a hot-isostatic pressing (HIP) preform approach. HIP castingof ultrasonic horns is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,767,420, issued Jul.27, 2004 to Stegelmann, the disclosure of which is incorporated hereinby reference to the extent that it is consistent (i.e., not in conflict)herewith.

HIP casting of an ultrasonic horn is a powder metallurgical process inwhich metal powder is formed into a horn preform shape 72 by filling thepowder into a preform mold 70, representatively illustrated in FIG. 5,and then consolidated by HIP process, also known as HIP-consolidation.The powder can be a titanium-based material, such commercially puretitanium or a titanium alloy (e.g., Ti6Al4V), as mentioned above. Theperform mold 70 can be steel or a steel alloy such as a 1020 mild steelor any other suitable mild structural steel. As can be seen in FIG. 5,the metal powder in the horn preform shape 72 can provide the firstmaterial 30 and the material of the preform mold 70 can likewise providethe second material 32.

After filling the powder into the ultrasonic rotary horn preform mold72, the preform is hot isostatically pressed to consolidate and compressthe metal powder. The hot isostatic pressing operation can be carriedout employing a pressure vessel which can be pressurized employing agas, such as argon, of commercial quality to apply a pressure equallyover the entire surface area of the horn body. The pressure, incombination with the elevated temperature employed, effectsconsolidation of the metal powder to a density of at least about 95%, atleast about 99%, and even about 100% of the theoretical density of themetal.

For the hot isostatic pressing, a pressure suitable for use in thisoperation can be, for example, about 16 ksi. The temperature employed inthis operation can be in the range of about 1500 F (about 815 C) toabout 1600 F (about 870 C). The duration of the hot isostatic pressingstep depends upon the temperature and pressure selected. As a generalproposition, when the pressure is 16 ksi and the temperature is in therange of about 1500 F (about 815 C) to about 1600 F (about 870 C), theprocess may employ a time period of about 1.5 hrs to about 3 hrs, forexample 2 hrs, in one embodiment. At the conclusion of the hot isostaticpressing step, the preform mold 70 and the compressed preform shape 72are cooled and removed from the pressure vessel. The mold 70 and theisostatically pressed shape 72 are then subjected to final machiningoperations to impart the desired final shape and surface characteristicsto provide the ultrasonic horn 20. Specifically, at least a portion ofthe isolation member 28 can be provided by the mold 70 (as describedabove), while the remainder of the horn 20 can be provided by thepressed-shape 72. In addition to the advantages described above, thepreform shape 72 can be more closely tailored to the geometry of thehorn 20 when a portion of the horn, such as the isolation member 28, isprovided by the mold 70. As such, a lower amount of the preform shape 72must be cut away and discarded.

As a result of the HIP process, the ultrasonic horn 20 microstructure ischaracterized by a random alignment of grains, which is isotropic inthat there is no preferential alignment in any direction or directions.As such the horn body uniformly expands and contracts in all radialdirections upon excitation at an operating frequency such as, forexample, an operating frequency between about 15 and about 60 kHz.Ultrasonic horns featuring such uniform grain structure and theadvantages thereof are further described in the previously incorporatedU.S. Pat. No. 6,767,420.

For example, the ultrasonic horn 20, and particularly the horn member 22can feature a substantially uniform expansion and contraction amplitudeupon excitation at an operating frequency. In one aspect the expansionand contraction is at least about 80% uniform in that the minimumamplitude of expansion and contraction in any direction is at leastabout 80% of the maximum amplitude of expansion and contraction in anydirection. In another aspect the expansion and contraction amplitude isat least about 90% uniform, and in another embodiment it is at leastabout 95% uniform. In particular, for example, the variation inamplitude of the expansion and contraction measured along the energytransfer surface 24 is less than about 10% of the maximum amplitude atany point on the energy transfer surface 24. More specifically, forexample, if the maximum amplitude is A-max where A-max is a valuebetween about 0.002 inches (0.005 cms) and about 0.008 inches (0.020cms), the difference between the maximum amplitude and the minimumamplitude is less than about 0.1 times (A-max).

The isolation member 28 can also provide improved stiffness to reducedeflections under load. The increased stiffness can help maintainconcentricity, and help to reduce run-out displacements at the energytransfer surface 24 of the horn member 22. Additionally, the isolationmember 28 can more efficiently transmit torque to the ultrasonic horn20, and can provide improved effectiveness and operating efficiency. Theisolation member 28 can also be configured to reduce stressconcentrations and to increase fatigue resistance. Additionally, theisolation member 28 can provide for a mounting system that can reducerelative motions between component parts, as described above.

As various changes could be made in the above-described horn and hornassembly without departing from the scope of the invention, it isintended that all matter contained in the above description beinterpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

1. An ultrasonic horn for transporting ultrasonic energy to an operatinglocation defining a radial direction and an axial direction, saidultrasonic horn comprising: a horn member; an energy transfer surfacedisposed on said horn member; an axle member joined to said horn memberwherein said axle member is provided by a first material; and anisolation member integrally joined to said axle member and adapted formounting said ultrasonic horn at a work location, wherein at least aportion of said isolation member is provided by a second material. 2.The ultrasonic horn of claim 1 wherein said isolation member provides acomponent of flexure along a radial direction and a component of flexurealong said axial direction.
 3. The ultrasonic horn of claim 1 whereinsaid ultrasonic horn exhibits a static deflection of not more than 0.004mm at a load of 445 Newtons in said axial direction and in said radialdirection.
 4. The ultrasonic horn of claim 1 wherein said isolationmember has a radial isolation submember integrally joined to said axlemember and extending in said radial direction from said axle member anaxial isolation submember integrally joined to said radial isolationsubmember and extending in said axial direction from said radialisolation submember.
 5. The ultrasonic horn of claim 4 wherein saidradial isolation submember is substantially disk-shaped.
 6. Theultrasonic horn of claim 4 wherein said axial isolation submember issubstantially cylinder-shaped.
 7. The ultrasonic horn of claim 4 whereinsaid radial isolation submember is provided at least in part by saidfirst material.
 8. The ultrasonic horn of claim 4 wherein said axialisolation submember is provided at least in part by said secondmaterial.
 9. The ultrasonic horn of claim 4 wherein said isolationmember further comprises a mixture zone, said mixture zone comprisingsaid first material intermixed with said second material.
 10. Theultrasonic horn of claim 9 wherein said mixture zone is disposedproximate said axle member.
 11. The ultrasonic horn of claim 1 whereinsaid ultrasonic horn is a rotary ultrasonic horn configured to rotateabout said axle member and said horn member is a generally disk-shapedhorn member and said energy transfer surface is provided by an outerperipheral surface of said generally disk-shaped horn member.
 12. Theultrasonic horn of claim 1 wherein said horn member has a substantiallyuniformly isotropic expansion and contraction amplitude upon excitationat an operating frequency.
 13. The ultrasonic horn of claim 12 whereinsaid expansion and said contraction is at least about 90% uniform. 14.The ultrasonic horn of claim 12 wherein said operating frequency isbetween about 15,000 and about 60,000 Hz.
 15. The ultrasonic horn ofclaim 1 wherein said ultrasonic horn is manufactured by a processcomprising hot isostatic pressing.
 16. The ultrasonic horn of claim 1wherein said first material transports ultrasonic energy at least 200percent more efficiently than said second material.
 17. The ultrasonichorn of claim 1 wherein said first material transports ultrasonic energyat least 500 percent more efficiently than said second material.
 18. Theultrasonic horn of claim 1 wherein said first material is atitanium-based material.
 19. The ultrasonic horn of claim 1 furthercomprising a node plane wherein said isolation member is integrallyjoined to said axle member proximate said node plane.
 20. An ultrasonichorn for transporting ultrasonic energy to an operating locationdefining a radial direction and an axial direction, said ultrasonic horncomprising: a horn member; an energy transfer surface disposed on saidhorn member; an axle member joined to said horn member; and an isolationmember integrally joined to said axle member and adapted for mountingsaid ultrasonic horn at a work location, wherein said axle member isconfigured to transport ultrasonic energy at least 200 percent moreefficiently than at least a portion of said isolation member.
 21. Anultrasonic horn for transporting ultrasonic energy to an operatinglocation defining a radial direction and an axial direction, saidultrasonic horn comprising: a horn member; an energy transfer surfacedisposed on said horn member; an axle member joined to said horn member;and an isolation member integrally joined to said axle member andadapted for mounting said ultrasonic horn at a work location, wherein atleast a portion of said isolation member is acoustically decoupled fromsaid axle member.
 22. A method for manufacturing an ultrasonic horn,said method comprising: forming metal powder into a horn body performwithin a preform mold; and hot isostatically pressing said horn bodypreform to consolidate said metal powder to form a compressed hornpreform shape having a uniform isotropic microstructure characterized byrandomly isotropic directional grain alignment, wherein at least aportion of said ultrasonic horn is provided by said preform mold.